FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEMS
SCOPE
This specification mainly covers the design, manufacture, testing, delivery, commissioning, and guarantee for fire detection and fire alarm system in substation building.
Any material not specifically mentioned in this specification or not shown on the drawing but required for proper performance and operation shall be furnished and installed.
The system including all components shall be listed by underwriters laboratories, inc. for use as fire detection and alarm system.
The general scope of supply shall comprise. Equipment for fire detection to monitor all spaces in the buildings concerned which cover:-
-
Switchgear buildings.
-
Control building.
-
Power transformers.
-
Cable basement and/or gallery.
And fire alarm signal to be
transmitted in all buildings.
The system shall be the automatic type with
visual and audible devices and the scope of supply shall be complete and
functional in every respect, whether mentioned or not in this specification.
DEFINITIONS
Fire Zones:
Detectors
Detectors are devices to sense rapidly an outbreak of fire inside substation buildings.
Alarm Signal Device
Alarm signal the device is a unit to initiate an identifiable signal in the event of an outbreak of fire.
Central Fire Alarm Control Panel
Main Circuits
The main circuits for the fire alarm system is a separate circuit from other main circuits and shall be marked with a specific color.
L.E.D
Light emission diode.
CLASSIFICATION
The fire alarm and detection equipment covered by this specification are:-
Detectors and Alarm Buttons
The fire alarm installation will include:-
- Ionized smoke detectors.
-
Optical smoke detectors.
-
Heat detectors.
-
Manual alarm buttons.
Two systems, one comprising optical detectors and the other comprising ionization detectors shall be provided in each space.
Control Fire Alarm Control Panel
- The control panel will depend upon the size of the buildings and the extent of the automatic protection provided.
- The panel is chosen according to the
number of zones and sounder circuits, ancillary control relays, battery standby
time.
- The control panel must be positioned in the control room.
- A plan of the buildings and the zone
locations must be kept beside the control panel.
Horns and Bells
Cabling
REQUIREMENTS
Environmental Conditions
The environmental conditions as shown in table 1 shall apply:-
Table (1) Standard Environmental Conditions
|
Clause |
Description
|
Value |
|
|
1-
|
Pressure MB-annual means. |
1013 |
|
|
2- |
Atmospheric Temperature °C:- Maximum mean daily Minimum mean daily Yearly mean
|
47* -5 30 |
|
|
3- |
Relative humidity % Maximum relative humidity Minimum relative humidity Average relative humidity Daily mean
|
100 20 75 95 |
|
|
4- |
Rainfall mean-annual total (mm)
|
65 |
|
|
5- |
Maximum wind speed (m/sec.) .
|
35 |
|
|
6- |
Soil temperature at a depth of 1.5 m. |
25°C
|
|
|
7- |
Solar energy radiation W/m² |
>1100
|
|
|
8- |
Wind pressure N/m² |
766
|
|
|
9- |
Absolute black bulb °C max. recorded |
75.7
|
|
|
10- |
Thunderstorms |
Occasional
|
|
|
11- |
Sand storms |
Occur occasionally especially in
desert. |
|
|
12- |
Pollution |
Heavy pollution >50 mS |
|
|
13- |
Seismic load
|
According to the Egyptian Code and
attached map. |
|
Note: This table is valid altitude (0-1000m)
Maximum temperature shall be in
accordance with substation location in
For Cairo
Zone.
Quality Assurance :
Applicable
codes and standards
The fire alarm and detection system provided under this specification shall conform to the latest edition of the following applicable code and standards:-
- EUS - Electricity Utility
Specification
- Egyptian code for the design of the
buildings and the execution conditions to protect them from fire (1998) part 1
& (1999)
part 3 fire alarm systems.
- BS – 5839.
- NFPA :standards: National fire
protection association.
- International standard
specifications for fire fighting.
- UL – Underwriters laboratories,
Inc.
Design
The substation of the building shall be designed as a fire–retardant building this design shall capable for:
- Bearing capacity at the fire
- Protection against the propagation
of fire between fire cells which are
maintained by sectionalizing the building.
- Escape routes and emergency exits
shall be easily noticeable by using colored signs and lights. The escape
routes shall be provided with a separate over the pressurizing system.
- The system shall function as follows
when an area or cable duct detector.
1- Sound required audible devices.
2-
Automatically notify fire
department or control station.
3-
Display individual detector and
/or zone number on alphanumeric display with a user-defined message.
4-
Light an indicating lamp on the
device initiating the alarm.
5-
Shut down the HVAC system and
fire dampers shall be operated automatically.
A fire alarm and detection system for the substation shall be designed, delivered, and installed with all conduits, wires, outlet boxes, junction boxes supervised fire alarm system. The system shall consist of the necessary numbers of alarm initiating circuits provided by automatic detectors, fire fighting installations, and manual alarm stations.
The central fire alarm control panel ( central addressable apparatus ) shall allow audibly and visible alarm indication from definite zones of the substation named by fire zones.
Fire Zones
The buildings shall be sub-divided into fire zones depending on building construction features and combustible loading.
Electrical and ventilation ducts shall be provided with fire dampers.
Fire zones shall have adequately designed smoke outlets when so required due to operating conditions and/or occupancy.
Fire Detectors
Detectors, inside any building will be distributed and positioned according to fire risks and the ventilation of the premises.
Detector circuit shall be fully supervised to indicate the alarm or trouble signal upon malfunction.
Detectors shall in general be connected in groups to the central fire alarm panel, the number of detectors installed on any one line shall be limited as recommended by manufacturer, wiring shall have 600 volts. insulation and be enclosed by conduits.
Automatic fire detection shall be heated detector type of fixed temperature, rate of rising or smoke detector type of ionized and optical one.
Some special types of detectors shall be supplied according to purchaser recommendation such as multi-functional detectors which are suitable for inaccessible cable ducts, control cubicles. and bypass detectors which used for exhaust and air conditioning ducts, areas with high air velocities and similar.
Optical Smoke Detector
These detectors react to light broken by smoke and respond particularly well to smoke containing large particles such as that given off by molding fires.
Ionized Smoke Detectors
These detectors react to smoke with tiny particles, they operate at the outbreak of fire when a visible glow or even flames are expected.
Maximum / Rate – of Rise/ Heat Detectors
These heat detectors include a rate of rising elements designed to operate in response to the rapid rise in temperature.
Fixed Temperature Heat Detectors
These detectors include a fixed temperature element operating at
per-determined temperature sudden rise in
temperature.
Power Supply Source
The fire alarm the system is normally supplied from the main power source, but in the event of main power failure it is automatically switches over for power supply from a separate accumulator.
Cabling
Cables shall be provided according to IEC recommendations and BS-5839. The minimum diameter of the cores shall be 0.8 mm. The conduits are to be painted in red color at regular intervals of 3meters for identification.
Alarm Receiver Module
Provide zone alarm receiving circuits for rooms and sections. The wiring for the alarm initiating devices up to and including the alarm receiver module shall be supervised against an open circuit and a short circuit fault condition.
Operation of an initiating device shall cause an individual red annunciated flashing and supervised alarm. Zone annunciation to clock on shall
provide and alarm output to the other sections. An individual yellow trouble annunciation shall be provided for each alarm receiver zone to indicate the location of any faults in the wiring to initiating devices. Annunciator test on reset function may be combined on push buttons.
Ground Detection
A ground fault on any external conductor which would adversely affect the system operation shall sound a trouble signal and illuminate a yellow “ground fault” indication on the panel.
Stand-by Power Supply
Local Alarm Annunciators
Zone indicator lamps
Each zone indicator red lamp shall have a film label with a designation as shown in drawings.
Manual call points
The break call point allows personnel to raise the alarm in the event of a fire. Manual call points should be located on exit routes, including exits to the open air, and on stairwell landings. They should be mounted 1.4 meters above the floor in easily accessible, conspicuous positions. Building occupants should not have to travel more than 30 meters within a building to reach a manual call point.
In general, all call points within a building should be of the same type and operation.
Sounders
- Alarm sounders are used. They are normally bells or electronic sounders and all audible warning devices in the same system must have a similar sound.
- The sound should be a minimum of 65 dBA or 5 dBA above any background noise
- A minimum of two sounders is required.
TESTING AND INSPECTION
Fire detection and alarm system shall accomplish the following main functions which shall be tested.
- The actuation of any signal initiating device shall sound the alarm horns throughout the fire zone, initiate the appropriate fire zone and stationary fire fighting system indicator at the fire alarm panel.
- The horns may be silenced by pushing the silence button on the central fire alarm control panel. Any subsequent alarm shall again sound the horns until it is also acknowledged. All horns shall be switches off by a time relay.
- Upon restoration of the alarmed device to its normal condition, the system shall be returned to normal stand-by condition by the use of the reset button on the alarm panel.
- Air handling units shall be shut down as required.
- The fire alarm system shall be capable of transmitting an alarm signal to a central fire alarm control panel.
Testing
Testing shall be carried in accordance with
the latest edition of the Egyptian Code and other referenced standards as specified
The supplier shall provide acceptance design and test certificates for his equipment.
The purchaser at his discretion may wish to have additional tests to be carried out.
Routine tests specified shall be carried out on all units.
Following completion of all tests, three certified copies of the test reports shall be submitted to the purchaser for approval. No equipment shall be supplied until approval of test reports has been given by the purchaser.
Routine tests shall be carried out at the factory, and the type tests shall be carried out at independent testing agency or at the supplier’s laboratory and shall be witnessed by a representative acceptable to the purchaser.
Inspection
The purchaser may wish to witness tests or visit the factory during the manufacture of any or all items covered by this specification, accordingly, the supplier shall give the purchase adequate notice of manufacturing and test schedules.
ACCEPTANCE AND REJECTION
The supplier shall forward to the purchaser, three copies of certificates proving that all tests required have been carried out and also samples & catalogs of the equipment.
SPARE PARTS
List of manufacturer’s recommended spare parts shall be included in addition to spare parts requested by the purchaser if required.
GUARANTEE
The supplier guarantees the delivered equipment against manufacturing, design, and material defects for a period as given in the tender documents.
SUBMITTALS
Submittals Required.
The supplier shall complete and return one
copy of the technical data schedule.
The following documentation shall be provided with the quotation:-
-
Detailed dimensional drawings.
-
Detailed mounting drawings.
-
Detailed wiring diagrams.
-
Maintenance instructions.
-
Descriptive leaflets and
literature.
-
Copies of design test
certificates where available.
Supplier shall provide after award of a contract the following submittals:
- Details of manufacturing and test schedules.
-
Copies of test reports.
-
Comprehensive operation and
maintenance manual (three copies).
-
Design calculations sheets.
DELIVERY
The manufacture shall be responsible for and shall repair or replace at his own expense any and all damaged equipment where damage was due to improper preparation for supply.
REFERENCE LIST
The tenderer shall submit a reference the list that the proposed equipment has been in successful operation in an integrated system on three different substations of same or higher capacity outside country of the manufacturer and/or in EEHC network for a period not less then three years during the last ten years.
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