LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM
PART 1 -GENERAL
1.01 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of Contract apply to this Section.
B. Requirements of the following Division 16 Sections apply to this section:
1. “Basic Electrical Requirements”.
2. “Earthing System”.
1.02 SUMMARY
A. This section includes lightning protection systems for buildings and
associated structures and includes requirements for lightning protection
systems components including, but not limited to, the following:
1. Air Termination Network.
2. Earth Termination Network.
3. Connections to reinforcing bars of structures.
4. Bonding .
5. Accessories.
6. Transient Over Voltage Protection for equipment.
B. Requirements of division 16 sections "Earthing", "Telephone" and other
communication sections are related to this section.
1.03 SUBMITTALS:
A. Technical Data: submit data for approval including manufacturer's
illustrated catalogues with description and specification of component parts
for air termination, conductors, fasteners, joints (test links), earth point and
connectors, wall inserts and bolts and any accessories forming part of the
lightning protective system.
B. Shop and Construction drawings: submit drawings for approval including,
but not limited to the following:
1. Exact location and routing of roof conductors with indication of sleeves
and connections to steel bars.
2. Exact routing of interconnecting conductors and bonding.
3. Earth termination points and test points.
C. As-Built Drawings: provide as-built drawings and indicate nature of soil,
special earthing arrangements, test conditions and results obtained.
D. Records: submit the following:
1. actual layout and specification of components of the system.
2
2. nature of soil and characteristics and any special earthing arrangement
3. test conditions and results.
1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Installer Qualifications: engage an experienced Installer to install lightning
protection system. Upon request, submit evidence of such qualifications to
the Architect.
B. Standards: NFPA 780, "Lightning Protection Code"
UL 96A, "Installation Requirement for Lightning Protection
System".
LPI-175, "Lightning Protection Institute-Standard of Practice".
B S 6651, "Protection of Structures against Lightning"
1.05 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING
A. Co-ordinate installation of lightning protection system with the installation
of other building systems and components, including electrical wiring,
supporting structures, building materials and metal components requiring
interface with lightning protection systems.
PART 2-PRODUCTS
2.01 MANUFACTURERS
Available Manufacturers: subject to compliance with requirements,
specifications, regulations and drawings.
2.02 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
A. Air termination network: is to consist of interconnected horizontal 25*3
mm copper strips around periphery (or parapet), and along inner edges
of roofs that are higher than adjacent parts, unless they fall in zone of
protection of a higher conductor and as shown on the drawings.
Horizontal conductors on roof are to be in a mesh as per code
requirements and at least as shown on the drawings. All elements of
lightning protective system are to be joined together and to steel
reinforcing bars of outer columns as shown on the Drawings.
B. Down Conductors: air termination network is to be connected to earth via
bare copper down conductors running inside Ö25-mm PVC conduits
embedded in the building structural columns, beams/slabs and in floor
screed or exposed on building walls as shown on the drawings and to be
bonded by exothermic welding to the steel reinforcing rebars of the
building structure at roof and ground level and every 20 m (max.) as
shown on the drawings.
C. Earth Termination Network: is to consist of an earth rod at each down
conductor, inter-connected via earth termination loop as shown on the
3
drawings. Connection between rods and loop conductors is to be via
exothermic welding.
D. Inspection Earth Pits: is to be provided at the building corner rod for
testing of the resistance to earth of the system according to code
requirements and as shown on the drawings.
E. Bonding: all metalwork in or on outside of structure is to be bonded to
the lightning protective system roof conductors or to exposed earthing
points bonded to reinforcing bars in the structure. Metal work includes
water pipes, tanks, sign structure, communication supports, metal sheaths
and exposed parts of electrical installations, vents, exterior metal
staircases, metal window frames, vent pipes, steel doors or door frames
and main earthing terminal or bar of electrical installations.
F. Bonding: metal work leaving or entering a structure and having system
continuity (water piping, etc.) is to be bonded as directly as possible to
the earth termination, near point at which service enters or leaves the
structure, at nearest earth point or at nearest main earthing terminal or bar
of protective earthing system (refer to Section "Grounding" of the
Specification).
2.03 LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM COMPONENTS
A. Provide lightning protection system materials and components that
comply with approved manufacturer's standard design, In accordance
with published product information.
B. Provide air termination network, bonding plates, conductors, connectors,
conductor straps, fasteners, grounding plates, grounding rods, rod clamps,
splicers and other components required for a complete system that meets
the Standards.
C. Roof Conductors: 25 x 3 mm copper strips running mainly on the roof
parapet and interconnected together as shown on the drawings.
D. Down Conductors: using bimetallic joints suitable for 25 x 3 mm strip,
with a pre welded tail to re-bar. A reinforcement steel bar with a diameter
of 20 mm is used as a down conductor all along the path from the top
down to the earth termination as shown in the Drawings. The steel bars
shall be welded together to ensure a defined electrical continuity.
E. Earth Rod: 19 mm diameter high strength, low carbon steel core of high
tensile strength (600 N/mm2), grade 43A of BS 4360, with 99.99% pure
electrolytic copper molecularly bonded into steel core, 0.25 mm
minimum thickness Driving head is to be high strength steel. Couplings
are to be long length silicon bronze, grade CSl0l of BS 2874, internally
threaded. Threads are to be rolled onto rod to ensure uniform layers of
copper and strength.
4
F. Inspection (Earth) Pit: precast concrete construction, of dimensions
shown on the Drawings, with heavy duty cover matching surroundings
floor finish and with brass plate engraved 'Earth Pit Below' inset in cover.
One pit is to be provided for each earth rod.
G. Earth Termination Network: consisting of earth rods interconnected with
earth loop made of bare standard copper conductors, directly buried in
ground with top at least 1 m below ground surface and 1m from the
building as shown on the drawings. The earth loop is common for both
earthing, and lightning protection systems but installed under lightning
protection system works.
H. Bonding Conductors: All metal work, including ladder, metal
equipment, handrails, metal frames, etc., in the vicinity of lightning
protection system shall be bonded to it with the same conductor size to
avoid the danger of side flashing. Bonding to lightning conductors shall
be done using the suitable clamps for the size and type, as per
manufacturer recommendations. Approved exothermic-welded
connections between conductors and adjacent metallic parts shall be
used.
I. Accessories including supports, joints, fasteners, clamps, bonds, test links
etc are to be copper or copper alloy and specially manufactured for the
purpose. Clamps and connectors are to be specifically designed and sized
for clamping and connecting to the various shapes and surfaces of bonded
metalwork. Bimetallic connectors are to be used between different
materials. Galvanized or plated steel nails, screws and bolts will not be
accepted on copper installations.
PART 3-EXECUTION
3.01 INSTALLATION OF LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEMS
A. Install lightning protection systems as shown on drawings, in accordance
with equipment manufacturer's written instructions, and in compliance
with applicable Standards or Codes specified above.
B. Conceal system conductors.
C. Conceal interior conductors.
D. Conceal conductors from normal view from all exterior locations at grade
within 200-feet of building.
E. Support roof conductors and down conductors using fasteners spaced at
not more than 900 mm centers horizontally and vertically, and fix by
anchor bolts or lead inserts with machined screws.
F. Bends in conductors are not to be less than 200mm radius and are not to
exceed 90degree turn.
G. Down conductors are to follow most direct path between air terminals
and earth rod. Re-entrant loops are not permissible.
H. Joints and Bonds: clean and treat contact surfaces with non-corrosive
compound. Protect joints between dissimilar metals from moisture by
inert, tenacious material, and with overlapping joints not less than 20 mm
5
long. Joints and bonds are to be as few as possible and made
mechanically and electrically effective by clamping, bolting or
exothermic welding. Effective cross-sectional areas of joints and bonds
are not to be less than that of main conductor.
I. Bond exposed metal parts of structure to lightning protective system if
clearance between any element of lightning system and metal part is less
than 1800 mm or the distance allowed by the Standard, whichever is
smaller.
J. Inspection (Earth) pit is to extend 150mm below top of earth rod. Cover
earth rod connector with suitable protective compound which can be
easily removed for inspection. Connector is not to be covered with
backfill material and is to remain clean.
3.02 CORROSION PROTECTION
A. Use no combination of materials that may form an electrolytic couple of
such nature that corrosion is accelerated in the presence of moisture,
unless moisture is permanently excluded from the junction of such
metals. Where unusual conditions exist that would cause deterioration or
corrosion of conductors, use conductors with suitable protective coatings.
3.03 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Perform inspections of the lightning protection system installation in
accordance with the Standards. Provide Engineer with one copy and
retain one copy at the project site throughout construction for reference.
B. Document the inspections on Standard Forms. Provide one copy of each
completed form to the Engineer.
C. Provide advance notice of at least 24 hours to the Engineer before
concealing lightning protection system work.
D. Provide inspection and delivery certificates to the Engineer .
E. Provide Authority Certification of the system, obtaining necessary
certifications and signatures and preparing and handling necessary forms.
F. Tests on Site and Records:
1. Resistance to earth of each isolated earthing point and of the complete
bonded installation is to be measured during the dry season and
checked against specified resistance.
2. Electrical continuity of conductors, bonds etc. is to be checked by use
of resistance measuring Instruments.
END OF SECTION 16671
PART 1 -GENERAL
1.01 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of Contract apply to this Section.
B. Requirements of the following Division 16 Sections apply to this section:
1. “Basic Electrical Requirements”.
2. “Earthing System”.
1.02 SUMMARY
A. This section includes lightning protection systems for buildings and
associated structures and includes requirements for lightning protection
systems components including, but not limited to, the following:
1. Air Termination Network.
2. Earth Termination Network.
3. Connections to reinforcing bars of structures.
4. Bonding .
5. Accessories.
6. Transient Over Voltage Protection for equipment.
B. Requirements of division 16 sections "Earthing", "Telephone" and other
communication sections are related to this section.
1.03 SUBMITTALS:
A. Technical Data: submit data for approval including manufacturer's
illustrated catalogues with description and specification of component parts
for air termination, conductors, fasteners, joints (test links), earth point and
connectors, wall inserts and bolts and any accessories forming part of the
lightning protective system.
B. Shop and Construction drawings: submit drawings for approval including,
but not limited to the following:
1. Exact location and routing of roof conductors with indication of sleeves
and connections to steel bars.
2. Exact routing of interconnecting conductors and bonding.
3. Earth termination points and test points.
C. As-Built Drawings: provide as-built drawings and indicate nature of soil,
special earthing arrangements, test conditions and results obtained.
D. Records: submit the following:
1. actual layout and specification of components of the system.
2
2. nature of soil and characteristics and any special earthing arrangement
3. test conditions and results.
1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Installer Qualifications: engage an experienced Installer to install lightning
protection system. Upon request, submit evidence of such qualifications to
the Architect.
B. Standards: NFPA 780, "Lightning Protection Code"
UL 96A, "Installation Requirement for Lightning Protection
System".
LPI-175, "Lightning Protection Institute-Standard of Practice".
B S 6651, "Protection of Structures against Lightning"
1.05 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING
A. Co-ordinate installation of lightning protection system with the installation
of other building systems and components, including electrical wiring,
supporting structures, building materials and metal components requiring
interface with lightning protection systems.
PART 2-PRODUCTS
2.01 MANUFACTURERS
Available Manufacturers: subject to compliance with requirements,
specifications, regulations and drawings.
2.02 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
A. Air termination network: is to consist of interconnected horizontal 25*3
mm copper strips around periphery (or parapet), and along inner edges
of roofs that are higher than adjacent parts, unless they fall in zone of
protection of a higher conductor and as shown on the drawings.
Horizontal conductors on roof are to be in a mesh as per code
requirements and at least as shown on the drawings. All elements of
lightning protective system are to be joined together and to steel
reinforcing bars of outer columns as shown on the Drawings.
B. Down Conductors: air termination network is to be connected to earth via
bare copper down conductors running inside Ö25-mm PVC conduits
embedded in the building structural columns, beams/slabs and in floor
screed or exposed on building walls as shown on the drawings and to be
bonded by exothermic welding to the steel reinforcing rebars of the
building structure at roof and ground level and every 20 m (max.) as
shown on the drawings.
C. Earth Termination Network: is to consist of an earth rod at each down
conductor, inter-connected via earth termination loop as shown on the
3
drawings. Connection between rods and loop conductors is to be via
exothermic welding.
D. Inspection Earth Pits: is to be provided at the building corner rod for
testing of the resistance to earth of the system according to code
requirements and as shown on the drawings.
E. Bonding: all metalwork in or on outside of structure is to be bonded to
the lightning protective system roof conductors or to exposed earthing
points bonded to reinforcing bars in the structure. Metal work includes
water pipes, tanks, sign structure, communication supports, metal sheaths
and exposed parts of electrical installations, vents, exterior metal
staircases, metal window frames, vent pipes, steel doors or door frames
and main earthing terminal or bar of electrical installations.
F. Bonding: metal work leaving or entering a structure and having system
continuity (water piping, etc.) is to be bonded as directly as possible to
the earth termination, near point at which service enters or leaves the
structure, at nearest earth point or at nearest main earthing terminal or bar
of protective earthing system (refer to Section "Grounding" of the
Specification).
2.03 LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM COMPONENTS
A. Provide lightning protection system materials and components that
comply with approved manufacturer's standard design, In accordance
with published product information.
B. Provide air termination network, bonding plates, conductors, connectors,
conductor straps, fasteners, grounding plates, grounding rods, rod clamps,
splicers and other components required for a complete system that meets
the Standards.
C. Roof Conductors: 25 x 3 mm copper strips running mainly on the roof
parapet and interconnected together as shown on the drawings.
D. Down Conductors: using bimetallic joints suitable for 25 x 3 mm strip,
with a pre welded tail to re-bar. A reinforcement steel bar with a diameter
of 20 mm is used as a down conductor all along the path from the top
down to the earth termination as shown in the Drawings. The steel bars
shall be welded together to ensure a defined electrical continuity.
E. Earth Rod: 19 mm diameter high strength, low carbon steel core of high
tensile strength (600 N/mm2), grade 43A of BS 4360, with 99.99% pure
electrolytic copper molecularly bonded into steel core, 0.25 mm
minimum thickness Driving head is to be high strength steel. Couplings
are to be long length silicon bronze, grade CSl0l of BS 2874, internally
threaded. Threads are to be rolled onto rod to ensure uniform layers of
copper and strength.
4
F. Inspection (Earth) Pit: precast concrete construction, of dimensions
shown on the Drawings, with heavy duty cover matching surroundings
floor finish and with brass plate engraved 'Earth Pit Below' inset in cover.
One pit is to be provided for each earth rod.
G. Earth Termination Network: consisting of earth rods interconnected with
earth loop made of bare standard copper conductors, directly buried in
ground with top at least 1 m below ground surface and 1m from the
building as shown on the drawings. The earth loop is common for both
earthing, and lightning protection systems but installed under lightning
protection system works.
H. Bonding Conductors: All metal work, including ladder, metal
equipment, handrails, metal frames, etc., in the vicinity of lightning
protection system shall be bonded to it with the same conductor size to
avoid the danger of side flashing. Bonding to lightning conductors shall
be done using the suitable clamps for the size and type, as per
manufacturer recommendations. Approved exothermic-welded
connections between conductors and adjacent metallic parts shall be
used.
I. Accessories including supports, joints, fasteners, clamps, bonds, test links
etc are to be copper or copper alloy and specially manufactured for the
purpose. Clamps and connectors are to be specifically designed and sized
for clamping and connecting to the various shapes and surfaces of bonded
metalwork. Bimetallic connectors are to be used between different
materials. Galvanized or plated steel nails, screws and bolts will not be
accepted on copper installations.
PART 3-EXECUTION
3.01 INSTALLATION OF LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEMS
A. Install lightning protection systems as shown on drawings, in accordance
with equipment manufacturer's written instructions, and in compliance
with applicable Standards or Codes specified above.
B. Conceal system conductors.
C. Conceal interior conductors.
D. Conceal conductors from normal view from all exterior locations at grade
within 200-feet of building.
E. Support roof conductors and down conductors using fasteners spaced at
not more than 900 mm centers horizontally and vertically, and fix by
anchor bolts or lead inserts with machined screws.
F. Bends in conductors are not to be less than 200mm radius and are not to
exceed 90degree turn.
G. Down conductors are to follow most direct path between air terminals
and earth rod. Re-entrant loops are not permissible.
H. Joints and Bonds: clean and treat contact surfaces with non-corrosive
compound. Protect joints between dissimilar metals from moisture by
inert, tenacious material, and with overlapping joints not less than 20 mm
5
long. Joints and bonds are to be as few as possible and made
mechanically and electrically effective by clamping, bolting or
exothermic welding. Effective cross-sectional areas of joints and bonds
are not to be less than that of main conductor.
I. Bond exposed metal parts of structure to lightning protective system if
clearance between any element of lightning system and metal part is less
than 1800 mm or the distance allowed by the Standard, whichever is
smaller.
J. Inspection (Earth) pit is to extend 150mm below top of earth rod. Cover
earth rod connector with suitable protective compound which can be
easily removed for inspection. Connector is not to be covered with
backfill material and is to remain clean.
3.02 CORROSION PROTECTION
A. Use no combination of materials that may form an electrolytic couple of
such nature that corrosion is accelerated in the presence of moisture,
unless moisture is permanently excluded from the junction of such
metals. Where unusual conditions exist that would cause deterioration or
corrosion of conductors, use conductors with suitable protective coatings.
3.03 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Perform inspections of the lightning protection system installation in
accordance with the Standards. Provide Engineer with one copy and
retain one copy at the project site throughout construction for reference.
B. Document the inspections on Standard Forms. Provide one copy of each
completed form to the Engineer.
C. Provide advance notice of at least 24 hours to the Engineer before
concealing lightning protection system work.
D. Provide inspection and delivery certificates to the Engineer .
E. Provide Authority Certification of the system, obtaining necessary
certifications and signatures and preparing and handling necessary forms.
F. Tests on Site and Records:
1. Resistance to earth of each isolated earthing point and of the complete
bonded installation is to be measured during the dry season and
checked against specified resistance.
2. Electrical continuity of conductors, bonds etc. is to be checked by use
of resistance measuring Instruments.
END OF SECTION 16671
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